Fibroblastic reticular cells at the nexus of innate and adaptive immune responses

Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-Like Receptors Influence the Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses

Natural killer (NK) cells are a subset of lymphocytes which play a crucial role in early innate immune response against infection and tumor transformation. Furthermore, they secrete interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) prompting adaptive immu-nity. NK cells distinguish the unhealthy cells from the healthy ones through an array of cell-surface receptors. Human NK cells use inhibi...

Fibroblastic Reticular Cells: Organization

CD22 regulates adaptive and innate immune responses of B cells.

B cells sense microenvironments through the B cell receptor (BCR) and Toll-like receptors (TLRs). While signals from BCR and TLRs synergize to distinguish self from nonself, inappropriate regulation can result in development of autoimmune disease. Here we show that CD22, an inhibitory co-receptor of BCR, also negatively regulates TLR signaling in B cells. CD22-deficient (Cd22(-/-)) B cells exhi...

Effectors and determinants of the innate and adaptive immune responses

Introduction Multicellular organisms must protect themselves against a plethora of exogenous enemies surrounding them. In the case of microbes, the body relies on several, scaled strategies. Firstly, there are external membranes, such as the skin and mucous membranes, that ward offmost potential intruders. The physical barriers are highly efficient, but not perfect; at any time, a few potential...

killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors influence the innate and adaptive immune responses

natural killer (nk) cells are a subset of lymphocytes which play a crucial role in early innate immune response against infection and tumor transformation. furthermore, they secrete interferon-γ (ifn-γ) and tumor necrosis factor (tnf) prompting adaptive immu-nity. nk cells distinguish the unhealthy cells from the healthy ones through an array of cell-surface receptors. human nk cells use inhibi...